Method and Apparatus for Processing Poultry Suspended by the Feet From a Conveyor Hook

ABSTRACT

A method for processing poultry suspended by the feet from a conveyor hook is provided. The method and apparatus allow the quality of the poultry to be classified and graded in a simpler and more effective manner to realize higher yields or an extra added value. In one exemplary embodiment a processing apparatus for a foot of the poultry is provided that includes a foot pad inspection apparatus.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method forprocessing poultry suspended by the feet from a conveyor hook.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Method and apparatus for processing poultry are known, for example, fromapplicant's earlier European patent application EP-B-1 302 110, theentire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Inaddition, U.S. App. Pub. No. 2003/0190880 shows a method for processingpoultry suspended by the feet from a conveyor hook and includes severingthe claw from a foot after the foot is has been turned into apredetermined position in relation to the conveyor hook. In U.S. Pat.No. 3,552,622, an apparatus is indicated for processing poultrysuspended by the feet from a conveyor hook, including an apparatus forprocessing a foot of this poultry.

One objective in the design of a method and apparatus for processingpoultry is to allow the quality of the poultry to be classified andgraded in a simpler and more effective manner and, as a consequence, torealize higher yields or an extra added value. For example, an inventionthat surpasses the yield and added value of the method and apparatusdisclosed in the European patent application EP-3-1 139 769 would beuseful. Another goal would be to objectify the results of theclassification and grade of the poultry, making it less dependant on thepersonal opinion of the individual inspectors.

The present invention is directed at these and other objectives as willbecome apparent in the description that follows.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention is embodied in a method and apparatus set forth in theclaims that follow.

Within the frame of the invention, processing includes an inspection ofthe foot pad, cleaning the foot pad, the removal of a horny layer fromthe foot pad, the removal of nails from the toes of the claw, andcombinations of these, or other processes. This provides a significantadded value, especially in countries where the feet are eaten.

In order to facilitate such processing in a production environment, itis desirable for the foot with the claw to be turned into apredetermined orientation in relation to the conveyor hook, so as toensure that the claw is open during processing. An “open claw” isunderstood to be a claw of which the toes are not contracted. Accordingto the invention, therefore, the method is directed at avoiding that themuscles at the rear side of the foot, in particular the musculus flexordigitorum longus and the musculus flexor hallucis longus, are tensedsuch as to cause the claw to close.

If processing involves a foot pad inspection, this inspection mayconveniently be facilitated by cleaning the foot pad of the claw and/orremoving a horny layer from the foot pad prior to inspecting the footpad.

To promote the above-mentioned open condition of the claw to beprocessed, it is desirable for the foot to be placed in a predeterminedorientation in relation to the conveyor hook, such that an angle betweenthe foot and the conveyor hook is smaller than 180°. The best result isobtained when the angle between the feet and the hook is approximately90°.

For an optimal execution of the method according to the invention in aproduction environment in which the poultry is conveyed in a high-speedline, it is advantageous for adjusting the foot in relation to theconveyor hook that the poultry is moved from a starting position, inwhich it is oriented perpendicularly or is suspended freely by the feetfrom the conveyor hook, to an orientation where the feet are suspendedobliquely from the conveyor hook, in which position the feet in relationto the carcass of the poultry have substantially a same orientation asin said starting position. It should be noted that these method stepsare equally useful at low line speeds of the conveyor hooks and evenwhen the conveyor hooks are stationary. However, the advantages of thismeasure become particularly manifest with high-speed lines. Withlow-speed lines or with stationary conveyor hooks, it is also possibleto perform the desired processing step manually. The inspection of thefoot pad may then, for example, be carried out by an inspector, withoutusing visual aids.

As already mentioned, the treatment of the claw of a foot may relate tocarrying out a foot pad inspection. This processing step, but also otherprocessing steps are facilitated by adjusting the foot as explainedabove, such that the claw of the foot is open.

It should be noted that the inspection of a foot pad as such is knownfrom the article “Prevalence and control of foot pad dermatitis inbroilers in Sweden” by the authors C. Ekstrand, T. E. Carpenter, I.Andersson en B. Algers, published in “British Poultry Science”, 1998,no. 39, pp. 318-324. However, this article concerns a statistics studythat is not applicable in a production environment in which poultry,after having been slaughtered, has to be scalded, plucked, eviscerated,jointed, and made ready for retail at a high tempo.

In order to avoid as much as possible that inspection results areinfluenced by personal opinions, and to facilitate a high-speed foot padinspection, it is desirable to perform the foot pad inspection using animage recorder, preferably a camera, for obtaining an image recordal ofthe foot pad.

The aforementioned measure makes it possible and advantageous to subjectthe images obtained with the image recorder to image-identification and-classification, in order to sort the poultry into a predeterminedquality grade. This sorting may also be performed manually orautomatically.

A particular aspect of the invention relates to a foot pad inspection ofwhich the results are gathered and classified, so that they may form abasis for adjusting the feed and/or living conditions of poultry to beslaughtered and processed later.

To effectively utilize the results of the foot pad inspection in aproduction line it is desirable that, depending on the results from thefoot pad inspection, at least one processing apparatus of a slaughterline for poultry is employed, and/or such a processing apparatus of theslaughter line is activated or deactivated, and/or to cause the poultryto bypass such a processing apparatus of the slaughter line. Such aprocessing apparatus may, for example, be an ejection device wherein thepoultry can optionally be removed from the conveyor line.

It should be noted, that the use of the image recordal obtained both byhuman involvement and automatically—by coupling the image recorder withcontrol means—may lead to an adjustment of the control means dependingon the obtained image recordal for the control of the slaughter line forpoultry.

As already mentioned above, the invention is also embodied in anapparatus for processing poultry suspended by the feet in a conveyorhook, and possesses a processing apparatus for a foot of the poultry.

The processing apparatus is preferably selected from the groupcomprising a positioning device for a foot of the poultry and a foot padinspection apparatus.

Advantageously, the positioning device is effective for carrying outother processing steps such as the previously mentioned foot padinspection (with or without visual aids) or other processing steps on(the claw of) the foot.

The afore mentioned foot pad inspection apparatus preferably comprisesan image recorder for obtaining an image recordal of the foot pad, andmore preferably, it is provided with an image identification andclassification device coupled with the image recorder for sorting thepoultry into a predetermined quality or grade category. Based on thisclassification it is possible to manually or automatically adjust theprocessing apparatuses of a slaughter line to a desirable setting.

The advantages in a production line afforded by the invention areespecially enhanced by embodying the apparatus with control means thatare coupled with the image recorder for, depending on the image recordalobtained, adjusting at least one processing apparatus of the slaughterline for the poultry and/or activating or deactivating such a processingapparatus of the slaughter line and/or causing the poultry to bypasssuch a processing apparatus of the slaughter line.

In order to promote the reliability and effectiveness of a desirableprocessing step of the poultry in the apparatus, the same is providedwith a positioning device for positioning the foot of the poultry inrelation to the conveyor hook in which said foot is placed.

It is in this respect desirable for the positioning device to bedesigned to position the foot in relation to the conveyor hook such thatthe claw is open, that is to say that the foot pad is visible.

In this respect it is preferred for the positioning device to bedesigned to position the foot of the poultry in relation to the conveyorhook such as to form an angle smaller than 120°. Optimal results may beachieved if the angle between the foot and the hook is approximately90°.

A preferred embodiment of the apparatus includes a positioning devicethat possesses at least one first guide against which, during operation,a poultry carcass rests, and which first guide moves this carcass frombelow the conveyor hook to outside the path of the conveyor hook, whilethe feet of the poultry remain in contact with the conveyor hook. Itshould be noted that the path of the conveyor hook may be rectilinearsuch that the poultry is moved outside the plane of movement in whichthe conveyor hook travels. The path may, however, also be curved if theconveyor hook describes, for example, a circular path. The poultrysuspended from the conveyor hook must then also move in a circular path,of which the radius deviates from the radius of the path travelled bythe conveyor hook.

In order to avoid the poultry moving out of alignment or hanging out ofalignment, it is desirable in the aforementioned preferred embodimentwhere the conveyor hook has a rectilinear or curved path, that the atleast one first guide is a movable guide, moving synchronously with themovement of the poultry suspended from the conveyor hooks.

It is further advantageous for the conveyor hook to cooperate with aguide for maintaining a vertical orientation of the conveyor hook. Thisprevents the conveyor hook from hanging out of plumb when the poultry ismoved outside the path of the conveyor hook.

Another advantageous measure relates to the use of a locking device forthe feet of the poultry in the conveyor hook. This prevents the feetbeing lifted out of the conveyor hook when the poultry is moved outsidethe path of the conveyor hook.

The just referred to locking device may be easily realized by means of ablocking rod extending near and above the lower side of the conveyorhook such that during operation, the feet of the poultry are situateddirectly beneath the blocking rod.

These and other features, aspects and advantages of the presentinvention will become better understood with reference to the followingdescription and appended claims. The accompanying drawings, which areincorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrateembodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serveto explain the principles of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A full and enabling disclosure of the present invention, including thebest mode thereof, directed to one of ordinary skill in the art, is setforth in the specification, which makes reference to the appendedfigures by way of non-limiting examples of the invention, in which:

FIG. 1 provides an exemplary embodiment of a method and apparatus of thepresent invention, wherein as a processing step a foot pad inspection isperformed.

FIG. 2 provides another exemplary embodiment of a method and apparatusof the present invention, wherein as processing step a foot padinspection is performed.

FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C illustrate poultry as suspended in various positionsfrom an exemplary conveyor.

FIG. 4 provides an exemplary embodiment of a positioning device for thefeet of the poultry in relation to a conveyor hook.

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the exemplary positioning device shownin FIG. 4.

Identical reference numerals in the figures refer to similar components.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method forprocessing poultry suspended by the feet from a conveyor hook. Forpurposes of describing the invention, reference now will be made indetail to embodiments of the invention, one or more examples of whichare illustrated in the drawings. Each example is provided by way ofexplanation of the invention, not limitation of the invention. In fact,it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variousmodifications and variations can be made in the present inventionwithout departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Forinstance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment,can be used with another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment.Thus, it is intended that the present invention covers suchmodifications and variations as come within the scope of the appendedclaims and their equivalents.

Referring now to FIG. 3A, poultry 1 is shown suspended by the feet 2. Tothis end the feet 2 are received in a conveyor hook 3, which issuspended from a chain conveyor 13 (FIG. 4), moving the poultry 1 pastvarious processing stations for processing the poultry 1 intoready-for-sale products. For example, one such a processing station maybe an ejector for removing poultry from the line.

At the end of the feet 2 facing away from the carcass 4 of the poultry 1are the claws 5. At the underside of the claws 5 are the foot pads,which in accordance with an exemplary aspect of the present inventionare subjected to a foot pad inspection. Other additional processingsteps are also possible.

As shown in FIG. 3C, for the purpose of foot pad inspection, the carcass4 of the poultry 1 is preferably moved from under the conveyor hook 3and outside the path of this conveyor hook 3, while the feet 2 remain incontact with the conveyor hook 3. This makes it possible to ensure thatthe foot 2 in relation to the conveyor hook 3 is placed in apredetermined position wherein the claw 5 is open, which is convenientfor a processing step to be carried out such as a foot pad inspection asshown in this example. It is desirable for the orientation of the feet 2in relation to the carcass 4 of the poultry 1 to remain substantiallythe same as in the starting position shown in FIG. 3A.

As a comparison, FIG. 3B shows a situation in which the poultry 1 ismoved next to the path of the conveyor hook 3 but in which theorientation of the feet 2 in relation to the carcass 4 of the poultry 1is very different to the starting position shown in FIG. 3A. Aconsequence of the position shown in FIG. 3B is that if the feet 2 areoriented as shown, the musculus flexor digitorum longus and the musculusflexor hallucis longus, cause the toes of the claw 5 to bend so that theclaw 5 is no longer open.

Referring to FIG. 1, in which the poultry 1 is shown with the foot 2placed in a predetermined orientation in relation to the conveyor hook3, care is taken that the claw 5 is open. FIG. 1 shows that a foot padinspection of the claw 5 is being performed with the aid of an imagerecorder 6. This foot pad inspection may also be carried out by theoperator 8 without using the image recorder 6.

In the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the image recorder is a camera 6.Prior to the foot pad inspection using the camera 6, it may beadvantageous to clean the foot pad of the claw 5 and/or remove a hornylayer from the foot pad. However, these may also be the only processingsteps to be carried out.

The image recorder 6 is coupled with an image identification andclassification device 7 for sorting the poultry into a predeterminedquality grade. This image identification and classification device 7 mayto this end be equipped with, for example, a monitor showing degrees ofanomalies of foot pads, and simultaneously showing actual measurementsof a claw 5 of the poultry 1 taken with the image recorder 6. By meansof button control 9, an operator 8 is then able to decide into whichquality class the poultry 1 belongs. The data obtained and the qualityclassification may then be used, for example, to adapt the livingconditions or the feeding pattern of the poultry still to be slaughteredand processed.

On the basis of, among other things, a measuring sensor 10, the conveyorhook 3 from which the poultry 1 is suspended is individualized to enablethe image identification and classification device 7 to steer controlmeans (not shown), which in accordance with the images obtained via theimage recorder 6—will adjust the slaughter line, in particular certainprocessing apparatuses thereof, in order to subject the poultry orrefrain from subjecting the poultry in question to a desirableprocessing step relevant for that particular quality grade. Signal line11 symbolizes the steering of the control means.

A more preferable variant is shown in FIG. 2, which will be furtherexplained. FIG. 2 also shows an apparatus for processing poultry 1suspended by the feet 2 from a conveyor hook 3, wherein the poultry 1 isalready moved into the optimal orientation for carrying out a foot padinspection, which orientation corresponds to the one discussed abovewith reference to FIG. 3C. While this orientation is not strictlynecessary for carrying out a foot pad inspection, the orientation shownin FIG. 3C (and FIG. 2) is eminently suitable for this purpose.

FIG. 2 further shows that a foot pad inspection device 6, 7 is presentfor inspecting the foot pad of a claw 5 of a foot 2 of the poultry 1.This foot pad inspection device 6, 7 includes an image recorder,preferably a camera 6, for obtaining an image record of the foot pad ofthe claw 5 referred to.

There is further preferably provided an image identification andclassification device 7 coupled with the image recorder 6 for sortingthe poultry 1 into a predetermined quality grade. In the case shown, theimage identification and classification device 7 is equipped such thatthis sorting into a quality grade can take place fully automatically.

The apparatus is further provided with control means 12 coupled—via theimage identification and classification device 7—with the image recorder6 for the adjustment of at least one processing apparatus of a slaughterline, subject to the obtained image recording of the foot pad. FIG. 2illustrates this by means of a schematic representation of a chainconveyor 13, suspended from which there is a series of conveyor hooks 3that may hold poultry, which may undergo predetermined processing stepsby the processing apparatuses 14, 15, and 16. Depending on the imagerecords obtained, the control means 12 can control each of theseprocessing apparatuses 14, 15, 16 to perform or refrain from performinga processing step on the poultry 1. To this end the control means 12 areable to activate or deactivate such a processing apparatus 14, 15, 16 ofthe slaughter line, they may adjust these processing apparatuses 14, 15,16 to a predetermined setting, but it is also possible that the poultrysorted into a particular quality grade is allowed to bypass a processingapparatus 14, 15, 16 in order to avoid the respective processing step.The processing apparatus 14, 15, 16 may also be an ejection device forreleasing poultry from a conveyor hook 3 of the chain conveyor 13.

In a particular aspect, the present invention relates to a positioningdevice as shown in FIG. 4. Specifically, FIG. 4 relates to a positioningdevice generally identified with reference numeral 17 and serving forpositioning the foot 2 or feet of the poultry 1 in order to facilitate aprocessing step such as inspecting the foot pad of the claw of such afoot 2, as mentioned above. The apparatus 17 includes at least a firstguide 18 (see also the top view in FIG. 5), which may be stationary butis preferably embodied as a moving guide in the form of, for example, awire. During use, wire 18 moves at a speed that is adjusted to thetransportation speed of the conveyor hooks 3 such that the wire 18 movessynchronously with the conveyance of the poultry 1 that is suspendedfrom the conveyor hooks 3.

During the movement in the direction of arrow A of the conveyor hooks 3suspended from the chain conveyor 13, a carcass 4 of the poultry 1,which is initially suspended from the conveyor hook 3 in a perpendicularorientation and more or less vertically, is moved in the direction ofthe positioning device 17. When reaching the positioning device 17, thecarcass 4 of the poultry 1 rests against the first guide 18 causing thecarcass 4 to be gradually moved from under the conveyor hook 3 tooutside the path of the conveyor hook 3, while the feet 2 of the poultry1 remain in contact with the conveyor hook 3. For the support of thepoultry 1, an optional second guide 20 may be used, although this is notnecessary.

Through the action of the positioning device 17, the position of thefoot 2 of the poultry 1 in relation to the conveyor hook 3 is changedfrom a starting position, in which the poultry is suspended by the feet2 from the conveyor hook 3 perpendicularly or freely, to a position inwhich the feet 2 are suspended from the conveyor hook 3 in an obliqueorientation, with the feet 2 maintaining substantially a sameorientation in relation to the carcass 4 of the poultry 1 as in thestarting position. In this respect, reference is again made to the abovegiven description and explanation concerning FIGS. 3A and 3C.

FIG. 4 shows that a locking device 21 is provided for the feet 2 of thepoultry 1 suspended from the conveyor hook 3. In the case shown, thislocking device 21 is embodied as a blocking rod 21 extending in itsoperational portion near and above the lower side of the conveyor hook 3such that during operation, the feet 2 of the poultry 1 are positioneddirectly below the blocking rod 21.

FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3C clearly show how the blocking rod 21 works.FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3C and FIG. 4 also show that the conveyor hook 3cooperates with a linear guide 22 for maintaining a vertical orientationof the conveyor hook 3, which is useful in the situation where thecarcass 4 of the poultry 1 is moved outside the plane of movement of theconveyor hook 3.

Considering the above description and explanation it will be obviousthat the invention is embodied in various aspects of a method andapparatus for processing poultry suspended by the feet from a conveyorhook, and that these aspects are applicable in combination as well aseach separately.

It will also be obvious that the invention is not limited to theexplanation provided by way of the drawing and several exemplaryembodiments, but that this explanation merely serves to elucidate anylack of clarity in the appended claims, without limiting these patentclaims to the given specific exemplary embodiments. The protective scopedue the appended claims is therefore determined exclusively by theirformulation which is representative for the underlying inventiveprinciple.

1-22. (canceled)
 23. An apparatus for processing poultry suspended bythe feet from a conveyor hook, comprising: a processing apparatus for afoot of the poultry, the processing apparatus comprising a foot padinspection apparatus.
 24. An apparatus for processing poultry suspendedby the feet from a conveyor hook as in claim 23, wherein the foot padinspection apparatus comprises an image recorder for obtaining an imagerecordal of the foot pad.
 25. An apparatus for processing poultrysuspended by the feet from a conveyor hook as in claim 23, furthercomprising an image identification and classification device coupledwith an image recorder for sorting the poultry into a predeterminedquality category.
 26. An apparatus for processing poultry suspended bythe feet from a conveyor hook as in claim 23, further comprising acontrol means coupled with an image recorder for, depending on the imagerecordal obtained, adjusting at least one processing apparatus of aslaughter line for the poultry and/or activating or deactivating such aprocessing apparatus of the slaughter line and/or causing the poultry tobypass such a processing apparatus of the slaughter line.
 27. Anapparatus for processing poultry suspended by the feet from a conveyorhook as in claim 23, further comprising a positioning device designedfor positioning the foot of the poultry in relation to the conveyor hookin which the foot is placed.
 28. An apparatus for processing poultrysuspended by the feet from a conveyor hook as in claim 27, wherein thepositioning device is designed for positioning the foot in relation tothe conveyor hook such that the claw is open.
 29. An apparatus forprocessing poultry suspended by the feet from a conveyor hook as inclaim 27, wherein the positioning device is designed for positioning thefoot of the poultry in relation to the conveyor hook at an angle that issmaller than 180°.
 30. An apparatus for processing poultry suspended bythe feet from a conveyor hook as in claim 29, wherein the angle isapproximately 90°.
 31. An apparatus for processing poultry suspended bythe feet from a conveyor hook as in claim 27, wherein the positioningdevice possesses at least one first guide against which, duringoperation, a poultry carcass rests, said first guide configured fortaking this carcass from below the conveyor hook to outside the path ofthe conveyor hook, while the feet of the poultry remain in contact withthe conveyor hook.
 32. An apparatus for processing poultry suspended bythe feet from a conveyor hook as in claim 31, wherein the at least onefirst guide is a movable guide, which moves synchronously with themovement of the poultry suspended from the conveyor hooks.
 33. Anapparatus for processing poultry suspended by the feet from a conveyorhook as in claim 31, wherein the conveyor hook cooperates with a secondguide for maintaining a vertical orientation of the conveyor hook. 34.An apparatus for processing poultry suspended by the feet from aconveyor hook as in claim 31, further comprising a locking device forthe feet of the poultry in the conveyor hook.
 35. An apparatus forprocessing poultry suspended by the feet from a conveyor hook as inclaim 34, wherein the locking device is a blocking rod extending nearand above the lower side of the conveyor hook such that during operationthe feet of the poultry are situated directly beneath the blocking rod.36. A method for processing poultry suspended by the feet from aconveyor hook, comprising: subjecting at least one claw of a foot to aprocessing step, the processing step comprising a foot pad inspectionusing an image recorder for obtaining an image record of the foot pad.37. A method for processing poultry suspended by the feet from aconveyor hook as in claim 36, wherein the images obtained with the imagerecorder are subjected to image identification and classification inorder to sort the poultry into a predetermined quality grade.
 38. Amethod for processing poultry suspended by the feet from a conveyor hookas in claim 36, further comprising the step of gathering and classifyingthe results of the foot pad inspection for use in adjusting the feedand/or living conditions of future poultry to be slaughtered andprocessed.
 39. A method for processing poultry suspended by the feetfrom a conveyor hook as in claim 14, wherein results of the foot padinspection are used to employ at least one processing apparatus of aslaughter line for the poultry, activating or deactivating such aprocessing apparatus of the slaughter line, and/or causing the poultryto bypass such a processing apparatus of the slaughter line.
 40. Amethod for processing poultry suspended by the feet from a conveyor hookas in claim 36, wherein prior to processing, the foot is turned into apredetermined position in relation to the conveyor hook.
 41. A methodfor processing poultry suspended by the feet from a conveyor hook as inclaim 40, further comprising a processing step selected from the groupcomprising cleaning the foot pad of the claw, removal of a horny layerfrom the foot pad, and the removal of nails from the toes of the claw.42. A method for processing poultry suspended by the feet from aconveyor hook as in claim 40, wherein the foot in relation to theconveyor hook is turned into a predetermined position such that theangle between the foot and the conveyor hook is smaller than 180°.
 43. Amethod for processing poultry suspended by the feet from a conveyor hookas in claim 42, wherein the angle between the foot and the hook isapproximately 90°.
 44. A method for processing poultry suspended by thefeet from a conveyor hook as in claim 40, wherein the foot is turned bymoving the poultry from a starting position in which the poultry isoriented perpendicularly or is suspended freely by the feet from theconveyor hook to an orientation where the feet are suspended obliquelyfrom the conveyor hook, in which position the feet in relation to thecarcass of the poultry have substantially a same orientation as in thestarting position.